Border Collie Breed Information
Everything you need to know about these intelligent, energetic, and loyal dogs.
About Border Collies
Border Collies are a medium-sized herding breed that originated on the border between Scotland and England, hence their name. They were bred to be working dogs, specifically for herding sheep, and their intelligence, trainability, and boundless energy reflect this heritage.
Today, Border Collies excel in a variety of activities including herding, dog sports like agility and flyball, obedience competitions, and as family companions for active households.
Physical Characteristics
- Size: Medium (18-22 inches tall, 30-45 pounds)
- Coat: Medium to long double coat, can be rough or smooth
- Colors: Black and white is most common, but can also be blue merle, red merle, tricolor, and many other variations
- Lifespan: 12-15 years
- Eyes: Often have intense, focused gaze; can be brown, blue, or one of each
Temperament & Personality
- Intelligence: Consistently ranked as the most intelligent dog breed
- Energy: Very high energy, requires lots of physical and mental exercise
- Work Ethic: Strong drive to work and complete tasks
- Sensitivity: Highly responsive to owner's commands and emotions
- Trainability: Extremely trainable and eager to learn
Fun Facts
Record Holders
Border Collies hold many world records for canine activities, including the farthest frisbee catch and most tricks performed in a minute!
Vocabulary Champions
Some Border Collies can learn hundreds of words, with the most famous example being a Border Collie named Chaser who knew over 1,000 words!
The "Eye"
Border Collies are known for their intense stare (called "the eye") which they use to control sheep—it's an instinctive herding technique!
Border Collie Care
Exercise Needs
Border Collies need a minimum of 1-2 hours of exercise daily, including both physical activities and mental stimulation. Without proper exercise, they may develop behavioral problems.
Diet
High-quality dog food appropriate for their age, size, and activity level is recommended. Active Border Collies may need more calories than less active breeds.
Grooming
Brush your Border Collie's coat weekly to remove loose hair and prevent matting. They shed seasonally, during which daily brushing may be needed.
Health Considerations
Common health issues include hip dysplasia, epilepsy, Collie Eye Anomaly, and certain genetic conditions. Regular veterinary checkups are important.
Is a Border Collie Right for You?
Border Collies make wonderful companions for the right homes, but they're not for everyone. They thrive with active owners who can provide plenty of exercise, mental stimulation, and training. Consider the following before bringing a Border Collie into your life:
Great For
- ✅ Active individuals or families
- ✅ Homes with large, secure yards
- ✅ People interested in dog sports
- ✅ Experienced dog owners
- ✅ Those with time for training and exercise
May Not Be Ideal For
- ❌ Apartment dwellers
- ❌ Those with limited time for exercise
- ❌ Inactive households
- ❌ First-time dog owners
- ❌ Homes where the dog will be alone all day